Skip to main content
University Physics III

University Physics III · Thermodynamics · 7.04

Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic processes

First-law bookkeeping for each constrained process, the adiabat obtained by integrating the first law with no heat flow, adiabatic work and temperature change, and the three assumptions pVγ = constant carries: an ideal gas, a reversible path, and a heat-capacity ratio treated as constant.

Course-map guide · not a complete lesson or simulation

Scope & orientation

What this subsection covers

First-law bookkeeping for each constrained process, the adiabat obtained by integrating the first law with no heat flow, adiabatic work and temperature change, and the three assumptions pVγ = constant carries: an ideal gas, a reversible path, and a heat-capacity ratio treated as constant.

A strong response uses state-versus-path accounting tables and states where the model stops being reliable.

Reasoning checklist

Evidence, assumptions and limits

01

Assumptions to state

State the system, observable, approximation, and conditions held fixed before using a model.

02

Evidence to collect

Two routes carry an ideal gas between the same two states; which computed quantities agree and which do not?

Read the complete note

Two routes carry an ideal gas between the same two states; which computed quantities agree and which do not? Useful evidence includes p-V and T-S paths for the reversible isothermal route with stage work and heat integrals, the free expansion plotted as endpoints only because its intermediate states are not equilibrium states, matching internal-energy and entropy changes across the two routes, the entropy generated in the free expansion, and grid-refinement checks.

03

Limits to state

This GioPhysics course map is an adaptable learning sequence, not academic credit, accreditation, or a universal university syllabus.

Read the complete note

This GioPhysics course map is an adaptable learning sequence, not academic credit, accreditation, or a universal university syllabus. Third-semester content is the least standardised of the introductory sequence: departments place oscillations, waves, optics, and thermal physics differently, and the modern-physics units here are a bounded survey rather than a complete course in relativity, quantum mechanics, atomic, nuclear, or particle physics. Follow your institution's published scope, notation, laboratory programme, and assessment rules. A result should be checked against units, signs, limiting cases, and the conditions under which its model was derived.

Diagram & examples

Work the claim before choosing an equation

Interactive concept map

Follow the model from claim to evidence.

01 · Physical claimIsothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic processes

First-law bookkeeping for each constrained process, the adiabat obtained by integrating the first law with no heat flow, adiabatic work and temperature change.

Read the complete note

First-law bookkeeping for each constrained process, the adiabat obtained by integrating the first law with no heat flow, adiabatic work and temperature change, and the three assumptions pVγ = constant carries: an ideal gas, a reversible path, and a heat-capacity ratio treated as constant.

02 · RepresentationThe subsection's claim

Model, evidence, and boundary

03 · TestPrediction before measurement

When should a model used for Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic processes be revised?

04 · Evidence & boundaryDecide, then qualify

Two routes carry an ideal gas between the same two states; which computed quantities agree and which do not?

Read the complete note

Two routes carry an ideal gas between the same two states; which computed quantities agree and which do not? Useful evidence includes p-V and T-S paths for the reversible isothermal route with stage work and heat integrals, the free expansion plotted as endpoints only because its intermediate states are not equilibrium states, matching internal-energy and entropy changes across the two routes, the entropy generated in the free expansion, and grid-refinement checks.

Interactive diagram for Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic processes: follow the physical claim through its representation, proposed test, evidence, and model boundary.

modelModel, evidence, and boundary turns the stated idea into a representation that can make a prediction.

Example questions

Try the reasoning before revealing the structure.

Diagram check

When should a model used for Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic processes be revised?

Quick check

Test the reasoning, not recall

When should a model used for Isothermal, isobaric, isochoric, and adiabatic processes be revised?

Choose an answer to test the model.