Factorising H: annihilation and creation operators

Do the vibrational band spacings of iodine vapour stay constant, as an exactly quadratic potential requires, or converge towards a dissociation limit? Useful evidence includes calibrated band positions, spacings plotted against quantum number, a Birge-Sponer extrapolation to the dissociation energy, an anharmonicity constant with uncertainty, and the level where equal spacing stops fitting..

This GioPhysics course map is an adaptable learning sequence, not academic credit, accreditation, or a universal university syllabus. It is a first dedicated quantum-mechanics course, distinct from University Physics V, which covers quantum mechanics alongside atomic, nuclear and particle physics in twenty units: this course is narrower, slower, and teaches the linear algebra it needs rather than assuming it. Hydrogen appears here as an introduction, with the full radial derivation belonging to a second course. A midterm examination is assumed around week 8. Follow your institution's published scope, notation, laboratory programme, and assessment rules. A result should be checked against units, signs, limiting cases, and the conditions under which its model was derived.